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Melania the Younger
Saint Melania the Younger (also Melanie; born in Rome c. 383, died in Jerusalem on December 31, 439) is a Christian saint and Desert Mother who lived during the reign of Emperor Flavius Augustus Honorius, son of Theodosius I. She is the paternal granddaughter of Melania the Elder.
The Feast of Melania the Younger is held on December 31 (the Julian calendar's December 31 falls on January 13 on the Gregorian calendar). In Ukraine, Malanka ("Melania's Day") is celebrated on January 13.
Born to Valerius Publicola or Poplicola (son of Valerius Maximus Basilius and wife Melania the Elder) and Albina,〔(Schlitz, Carl. "St. Melania (the Younger)." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 15 Mar. 2013 )〕 she was married to a paternal cousin, Valerius Pinianus, at the age of thirteen. After the early deaths of two children, she and her husband converted to Christianity, maintaining a celibate life thereafter. Upon inheriting her parents' wealth, she gave it all away to the poor and used some it to free 8,000 slaves.〔Butler's Lives of the Saints, Vol. IV, P.J. Kennedy Sons, NY, 1962, p. 647〕 Melania and Pinianus left Rome in 408, living a monastic life near Messina (Sicily) for two years. In 410, they traveled to Africa, where they befriended Augustine of Hippo and devoted themselves to a life of piety and charitable works. Together they founded a convent of which Melania became Mother Superior, and cloister of which Pinianus took charge. In 417, they traveled to Palestine by way of Alexandria, living in a hermitage near the Mount of Olives, where Melania founded a second convent. After the death of Pinianus c. 420, Melania built a cloister for men, and a church, where she spent the remainder of her life. Melania had "vast domains in Sicily" and also held land in Britain.〔http://www.bahs.org.uk/AGHR/ARTICLES/06n2a1.pdf p.82., note 2〕〔https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QQPdRzFDiy4C&pg=RA1-PA23&lpg=RA1-PA23&dq=civis+Dumnonia+Salona&source=bl&ots=vEma9ZYy6n&sig=B_0HyV3C5sZVxtCazQfOJzCrJaA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAGoVChMIiJrksqD2xgIVzLIUCh1o3AhA#v=onepage&q=civis%20Dumnonia%20Salona&f=false p.23., point 17〕
==Hagiography==
An account of Melania's pursuit of the ascetic life survives in a hagiography composed by Gerontius c. 452.〔Gerontius. "Life of Melania the Younger." In Lives of Roman Christian Women. Translated by Carolinne White. New York: Penguin, 2010.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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